Friday, November 29, 2019

Thomas Green Essay Example For Students

Thomas Green Essay Thomas Green: Power, Office Politics, and a Career in Crisis Individual Case Analysis Kay Saeteurn BUSA 305-01 Dr. Catherine Pratt November 17, 2008 Thomas Green: Power, Office Politics, and a Career in Crisis Individual Case Analysis Power is the capability that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B acts in accordance with A’s wishes, especially dependency power where a certain individual has something of importance, scarcity, and non substitutable, that another person seeks for. Thomas Green and Frank Davis both display individual power over one another causing a conflicting relationship without completing their task, which lead to a political war involving outside group members. In March of 2007, Thomas Green was recruited by Dynamic Displays for an account executive position. In just four months, Green completed a contract for Journey Airlines. Four months after the completion of his contract, he attended a week long training session at Dynamic Displays’ headquarters for promotion opportunities. We will write a custom essay on Thomas Green specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now After meeting with Shannon McDonald, Travel Division Vice President, she promoted Thomas Green to Senior Marketing Specialist. Within one week, Green met Marketing Director, Frank Davis. On October 8th, Green attended Davis’ Budget Plan meeting. After a disagreement about Davis’ regional sales goals, Davis emailed McDonald regarding Green’s personality issue. Green and Davis’ rocky relationship continues to escalate after Davis gives Green a poor informal evaluation. There was nothing left for Green to do except to express his negative feelings about Davis to people outside the group while avoiding Davis. The main problem becomes obvious that Frank Davis and Thomas Green both believe that they posses the power to perform their job better in accordance from one another. Frank Davis becomes dependent upon Thomas Green because in order for Davis to perform his task, he needs information from Green, who is responsible for identifying industry trends, evaluating new opportunities, and establishing sales. Along with the main issue, there are numerous key issues with the case. There are conflicts between Green’s work environment and his personal life as well as his trust in the organization and his relationship with his boss. Each individual displayed a unique personality and evaluation of how their job was to be completed. These factors caused a problem between Thomas Green and Frank Davis. There are numerous reasons contributing to Davis’s and Green’s problems. Both Davis and Green hold different values and beliefs. Frank Davis was previously a Senior Market Specialist so he has had experience with the job and has strict expectations that Green would do the same. Although Thomas has been promoted to Senior Market Specialist, he believes he is capable enough to fulfill this role with out any previous managerial experience. On his previous jobs, he has displayed strong willingness for ambition and growth in the company. Green’s willingness to except his role and the lack of skills he possesses to fulfill his task created a conflict between Davis and himself. Thomas and Frank both use different working styles and have different personalities. Frank Davis prepares memos and proposals when meeting clients, while Thomas Green delivers to clients as he thinks of ideas. The organization Thomas and Frank work in has no clear structure. Green spent his first week as a Senior Marketing Specialist reviewing year-to-date sales while Davis expects Green to spend his time preparing for client meetings and developing proposals. Frank Davis uses his formal power to dictate Green, and in response, Green shows characteristics of defensive behaviors. As marketing director, their roles are dependent upon gathering information from senior marketing specialists. Thomas Green has a dependency power over Frank Davis. The information Green has about regional sales are extremely important to Davis and there are no up-to-date substitutable information. .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 , .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .postImageUrl , .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 , .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175:hover , .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175:visited , .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175:active { border:0!important; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175:active , .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175 .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc13a9d59e3b0a6da39946906383ed175:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Samantha Srinivasan EssayThis created a conflict between Davis and Green. The organization had no structure and Davis could of reported to the other two marketing specialist for sales information. Power tactics are ways in which individuals translate power bases into specific actions. Based on the nine distinct influence tactics, Frank Davis uses Legitimacy and pressure to get Thomas Green to complete his job to the Davis’ ability. Legitimacy power is relying on one’s own authority position provided with the organization. Davis is Green’s boss. Under their organization and the scope of the organizational policies and rules, Davis is Green’s higher chain of command and it is reasonable that Green follows direction from Davis. An obvious example of legitimate power that Davis uses with Green is the numerous email complaints to Shannon McDonald. Davis persuades McDonald that Green is not fulfilling his position, therefore causes McDonald to send an email asking Green for a self-evaluation. The constant pressure Davis expressed toward Green was based around his working schedule. He expected Green to Atlanta during certain days and did not allow time for flexibility. Davis do not use much of rational persuasions when presenting McDonald with an e-mail regarding Green’s evaluation. This caused a downward influence and did not provide Green with the appropriate expectation. With Davis and Green’s conflicting relationship, Green practices political behavior with people outside his working group by commenting on his thoughts and feelings about Davis. Dynamic Displays’ low trust environment, unclear performance evaluation systems, high pressure performance, and zero-sum reward allocation practices caused Green to practice political behavior. On numerous occasions, Green has expressed concerns about Davis to managers and friends outside his scope of work. It is clear that there are no work incentives or clear performance feedback evaluation systems installed at that organization. Green’s lack of trust in Davis’ evaluation and McDonalds’ intentions caused a higher level of defensive behavior. At one point Thomas was avoiding contact and interactions with Frank. Green has negative feelings toward the organization is skeptical about the changes McDonald might make. This calls for improvements in the organization. Some recommendations Thomas Green and Frank Davis should take are setting a structured organization and providing a better use of power tactics. Exhibit 14. 2 in Robbins and Judge’s Organizational Behavior text book explains that in order to positively influence by direction, a person and organization needs to experience rational persuasion. Evaluating logical arguments and explanations toward a behavior will decrease a downward influence on direction. The most effective power tactics are collaborating between rational persuasion, inspirational appeals, and consultation. 4] Another strong recommendation is to set organizational goals and rules to govern power and initiate flow. Setting goals in an organization decreases role ambiguity. When there are fewer limits and employee behaviors are not clearly defined, employees participate in politicking. Incentives are a great reward for groups within an organization. Incentives motivate employees and can allocate power effectively. The unequal use of power conflicted in a bad relationship between two colleagues. Each individual sought company from outside group members. Thomas Green and Frank Davis’ issues grew into a mass conflict. Power tactics are effective when properly used, and people of lower status can hold s great amount of power upon higher status employees. Organizational factors influence a person’s political behavior as well as the amount of power a person holds. Power and political differences should always be kept inside the involved group. References Beckham, H. , Sasser, E. W. Thomas Green: Power, Office Politics, and a Career in Crisis. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing. Judge, T. , Robbins, S. 2009). Organizational Behavior. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education. Definition provided in chapter 14, page 451 of Robins and Judge’s Organizational Behavior text book. According to a market specialist who had accompanied Green on his meetings said, â€Å"Thomas is great when it comes to selling the clients on his idea. He is very charismatic and can think quickly on his feet. † (p . 5, â€Å"Thomas Green: Power, Office Politics, and a Career in Crisis. †) Robbins and Judge ( p. 456 to 457) Robbins and Judge (p. 458)

Monday, November 25, 2019

Suicide Essays - Suicide Prevention, Suicide, Free Essays

Suicide Essays - Suicide Prevention, Suicide, Free Essays Suicide Suicide is a significant cause of death in many western countries. Attempts at suicide, and suicidal thoughts or feelings are usually a sign indicating that a person is not coping, often as a result of some event or series of events that they personally find prostrating traumatic or distressing. Most people who attempt suicide are confused about whether or not they want to die. They usually are desperate to find a way to remove or stop emotional pain. A suicide attempt is often a cry for help that ends in a tragedy. In eight out to ten suicides the person has spoken about their intent before killing themselves. In many cases, their impact can be mitigated, or their prostrating mind will gradually decrease if the person is able to make constructive choices about dealing with the crisis when it is at its worst. In some cases exceeding deaths by motor vehicle accidents annually. Many countries spend limitless amounts of money on safer roads, but very little on suic! ide awareness and prevention, or on educating people about how to make good life choices. They need someone to take them and their emotional pain and discouragement seriously. What is usually most helpful is to encourage them to express them-selves without telling them how they should feel or think. In the vast majority of cases a suicide attemptor would choose differently if they were not in great distress and were able to evaluate their options objectively. Most suicidal people give warning signs in the hope that they will be rescued, because they are intent on stopping their emotional pain, not on dying. Suicidal people need friends who will listen patiently and show they care, and referral to a professional if possible. Since this can be extremely difficult, so we may be better able to recognize and help other people in crisis, and also to find how to seek help or make better choices ourselves. People usually attempt suicide to block unbearable emotional pain, which is caused by a wide variety of problems. A person attempting suicide is often so distressed that they are unable to see that they have other options. We can help prevent a tragedy by trying to understand how they feel and helping them to look for better choices that they could make. Suicidal people often feel terribly isolated because of their distress, they may not think of anyone they can turn to, furthering this isolation. ?In particular, those with satisfactory professional qualifications and those who earn a normal living, appear in normal proportion." (Adolescent Suicide, Andr* Haim. Page 166) Having suicidal thoughts does not imply that you are crazy, or necessarily mentally ill. People who attempt suicide are often acutely distressed and the vast majority are depressed to some area. This depression may be either a reactive depression which is an entirely normal reaction to difficult surroundings, or may be an sad depression which is the result of a diagnosable mental illness with other fundamental causes. It may also be a combination of the two. The question of mental illness is a difficult one because both these kinds of depression may have similar symptoms and effects. Furthermore, the exact definition of depression as a diagnosable mental illnesses tends to be slightly flowing and inexact, so whether a person who is distressed enough to attempt suicide would be suffering from dental office depression may vary in different peoples opinions, and may also vary between cultures. ?On the basis of the low suicide rates in Catholic countries and among orthodox Jewish communities, McAnarney (1979) suggested that religious culture may influence the suicide rate." (Suicide and Attempted suicide among children and Adolescents, Keith Hawton. Page 42) It is probably more helpful to characterize between these two types of depression and treat each accordingly than to simply diagnose all such depression as being a form of mental illness, even though a person suffering from a reactive depression might match the diagnostic criteria typically used to diagnose clinical depression. In a society where there is much disgrace and ignorance regarding mental illness, a person who feels suicidal may fear that other people will think they are "crazy" if they tell them how they feel, and so may be unwilling to

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Communication 380 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Communication 380 - Coursework Example What is the pattern of the pronunciation variation? The pattern of the variation is in the chorus line. The first two times the group uses the phrase â€Å"stick witch you†, whereas in the third usage in the chorus it is â€Å"with you†. 2. What is the effect of such deliberate dialect code switching on you personally? I would not have noticed it if it had not been pointed out to me, and since it has been, I find it irritating and annoying. 3. Do you think that other people listening to the song will react differently to it than you? Yes, I do think that others will react differently. As with most popular song lyrics, unless a word or phrase used garners an emotional reaction, it goes unnoticed. 4. Do you think this song is aimed for a male or female audience? I think that this song is aimed more towards a female audience, since people have a strong tendency to notice chorus lines that â€Å"speak† to them. In turn, this initiates an emotional reaction, which the n starts the person’s thought processes about someone in their life. 5. Why does she vary her pronunciation? She varies her pronunciation because of the rhythm of the song itself. In the first two instances of using â€Å"stick witch you†, the beat of the music is slightly faster than in the third instance, which is also the ending of the chorus line. 3 Part 3: Matching current words to their historical roots 1. Kingdom correlates to F. Anglo Saxon cyne, meaning â€Å"royal† 2. Toast (as in â€Å"to your health†) correlates to H. Scottish toss as in â€Å"toss a drink† 3. Wedlock correlates to E. Anglo Saxon wed, meaning â€Å"pledge or engagement† and lac, meaning â€Å"offering or giftâ€Å". 4. Fancy (as in imagination) correlates to G. French pensee, meaning â€Å"thought† 5. Cutlet correlates to A. Latin costa, meaning â€Å"rib† 6. Cockatoo correlates to B. Hindustani kakatua, a word imitative of its cry 7. Country Danc e correlates to D. French contre meaning â€Å"opposite† 8. Cold Slaw (or Cole Slaw) correlates to C. Dutch kool meaning â€Å"cabbage† and sla meaning â€Å"salad†. 4 Part 4: Misanalyses 1. Sick-as-hell anemia is â€Å"sickle cell anemia† 2. Old-timer’s disease is â€Å"Alzheimer’s disease† 3. Smiling Mighty Jesus is â€Å"spinal meningitis† 4. For all intensive purposes is â€Å"for all intents and purposes† 5. A blessing in the skies is â€Å"a blessing in disguise† 6. Spitting image is â€Å"splitting image† 5 Part 5: â€Å"Chat with A.L.I.C.E.† (pandorabots.com) 1. Are A.L.I.C.E.’s responses semantically appropriate? The semantics of A.L.I.C.E.’s responses are determined by the use of language, and how they are worded to her. Oftentimes, they are not appropriate, i.e. she asked how I was doing, and I responded with â€Å"I am lovely†. Her response was if that â€Å"made me feel superior†. 2. Are they pragmatically appropriat

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Cat's Cradle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Cat's Cradle - Essay Example However, a successful military asset, the machine on the other side had destructive impact to the environment as it could destroy the whole nation’s water supply. This would then lead to the eventual demise of any water body. In the end, Hoinekker’s search for truth ended up with an invention presenting pending threat to the entire humanity (Vonnegut 22-25). After the invention, the scientist comes to terms with the reality that scientific quest for the truth does not in any way result to the solution of human problems. According to Vonnegut, science main aim is to discover new problems to humans rather than discovering solutions.However, scientists have never come to realize the injustice that they are doing to humanity because of their obsession with the pretext of discovering the truth. The writer through the referring to Jonah presents religion as more relevant and less dangerous when compared to science.However,religion does not lack its fare share shortcomings and paradoxes though they are mild when compared to those of science. Religion derives its usefulness not from its ability in telling or finding the truth but from its function in giving people elaborate lies to believe in. Similarities between Bokonon and Jonah come in the ability of both to offer lies that make human beings feel better. Religion is able to achieve this within the people’s destitute nature and lack of purpose. Jonah despite pending disaster gave people home and even went as far as declining to take God’s message of destruction to the people of Nineveh. The core theme derived from Bokononism is that it is the responsibility of man to give life meaning necessitated by the fact that it inherently has no meaning.Bokonon therefore exploits this avenue to provide people with one lie after the other so long as they continue making people feel better. It prevents people from identifying with the truth of Hobbes

Monday, November 18, 2019

The Responses to the Humanitarian Erisis in Darfur Essay

The Responses to the Humanitarian Erisis in Darfur - Essay Example This low incidence of intervention seems at odds with the agreement entered into by most countries in the Genocide Convention of 1948 wherein they committed, under Art 1, â€Å"to prevent and to punish†2 the crime of genocide. Could this failure to intervene in the genocidal activities of sovereign states be rooted in the inability of the human rights movement to propel international action? The case of Darfur provides a timely opportunity to examine the truth of that theory. It is imperative that a definition of genocide be explored and established first since much of the controversy surrounding international inaction today are in many ways related to the very definition and application of the term â€Å"genocide†. As is best exemplified by Shelly’s wordplay above, the definition and use of the term genocide has been muddled by political stratagems which seem to follow an unspoken rule to never use the term at all costs. Instead of the term â€Å"genocide†, terms such as â€Å"ethnic violence†, â€Å"ethnic cleansing†, â€Å"acts of genocide†, and â€Å"civil war† have become the trademark of the politically-savvy. It would be as though by avoiding the term genocide, a humanitarian crisis such as Rwanda or Darfur would cease to be genocide and transform into something more palatable to the taste. We must thus resort back to the definition of genocide agreed upon by the same international community before t hey actually found themselves bound to make good on such definition. In the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, the following definition is clearly detailed.

Saturday, November 16, 2019

The Strategic Group Mapping Model Marketing Essay

The Strategic Group Mapping Model Marketing Essay For the purpose of this report, the industry of choice was the cereal industry. The cereal industry is highly competitive with numerous businesses competing for an increased market share. The cereal industry is influenced by customer spending and customer lifestyle. In recent years, consumer behaviour has altered with customers becoming more health conscious. As a result of this, business within the cereal industry have introduced new products and modified existing products to appeal to health conscious customers. Based on research conduct, the following trends were identified within the cereal industry: Consumer behaviour changes Health conscious customers The main businesses within the cereal industry are Kelloggs, Nestlà ©, Weetabix, Flahavans and Odlums. Breakfast apart from being a necessity for breaking the fast, it is also seen as a social ritual amongst the majority of cultures around the world.  [1]   Three main trends emerge from an analysis of the industry: Acquisitions, Automation and Consolidation. The nature of the cereal industry is oligopoly as there are just a few firms dominating the industry. The key players were identified as Kelloggs, Origin Enterprises (Odlums), Nestle, Weetabix and Finegrove Holdings Ltd. (Flahavans).The breakfast cereal industry can be divided into two categories; hot breakfast cereals and Ready to Eat (RTE). The key drivers to operate in this industry were identified as: Reformulation of nutritional ingredient, Product differentiation, Contracts for raw materials, Economies of Scale and Creative advertising. The industry as a whole has an abundance external macro environment factors which are clearly seen in the PESTLE. Porters five forces identified medium barriers to entry, threat of substitutions and supplier power, but highlighted high buyer power and competitive rivalry. From using strategic mapping it was emphasised that players in the industry modernised /changed their strategies to respond to key trends in the industry. From analysing the five key players in the industry, it is clear that all have similar product diversification, product development (Ansoff growth matrix) Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats(SWOT Framework). Industry Landscape There were three key trends found from the players in the cereal industry. Kelloggs have consolidated 42 business websites into one website in order to give a clearer brand identity and to enhance the customer experience. In relation to automation, these players currently use technological advanced machinery to aid them in production and packaging. Finally in May 2012, 60% of shares from the Weetabix Food Company have been acquired by Chinas Bright Food Group while the remaining 40% is owned by Lion Capital. From these trends, there are issues that affect these players, in terms of market saturation and fluctuating prices for wheat and oats. These are potential threats for this industry as reported by Business Insights which states; cereal products have reached a level of saturation in many Western markets, so adding value and following consumer desires will be key to successful product lines. In order to combat this market saturation, businesses need to research, understand and acknowledge consumers requirements. The fluctuating prices of oats and wheat could affect each business within the cereal industry. The price fluctuations are a result of difficulties experienced during the growing seasonal period. Rising prices due to increasing costs for logistics and ingredients are primarily going to affect the breakfast cereal industry and its key players in the future. Cereal products could be sourced globally; however, there is a decline in international cereal production due to weather conditions  [2]  . If this continues, it could lead to cereal prices escalating and increases being passed down the distribution channel. There is increasing pressure for new product development amongst the industries key players. This could potentially increase market share and enhance revenue for the niche players such as Flahavans and Odlums, while allowing market leaders such as Kelloggs the opportunity to prevent smaller businesses from obtaining market growth. There is an increase in health conscious customers and in the future, this may define the product lines produced by the key players. From the acquisition of Weetabix, Bright Food Group has vowed to globally expand the Weetabix business by entering the growing breakfast cereal market within Asia. Changes to food consumption patterns within Asia have resulted in businesses entering Asian regions and selling food and beverages to consumers. Nationally, the cereal industry is worth à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬200 million per year with a profit between 40 45%. In relation to the current market position of these players, Kelloggs would be classed as the leader due to a 44% market share. With Nestle and Weetabix as the market followers, these businesses have a sizeable market share and remain competitive within this industry. The niche players, Flahavans and Odlums, are not as profitable as competitors, particularly Odlums who do not provide an extensive range of products. Competitive rivalries could arise between these industry players, as all competitors have similar products aiming at similar target markets. The threat of substitutes is also an issue for these players; as there is a rise in own brand products, such as Dunnes Stores and Tesco. These products are being introduced into the market due to the changing consumer spending habits. As this industry could be seen as oligopolistic, the power over suppliers and buyer could potentially increase, however for the niche players, the competition could intensify. Generally the cereal industry targets family oriented markets. In relation to Kelloggs and Nestle, they could be seen to target children, as these players introduce characters to their brands in order for the children to be attracted to these products. Weetabix, Flahavans and Odlums target mature audiences which can be seen to be under the family orientated market. For each key player, they must hold competitive advantage in order to sustain the market. The threshold resources that any player should have to operate within this industry include; finance, customer loyalty, brand awareness and a wide product range. Unique resources, such as Flahavans and Odlums, are particularly focused on the Irish aspects of the product. This involves the methods of producing the product and jobs that are created within the country. Irish consumers are value driven, however Irish products are important to these consumers. In previous years, Kelloggss held a very dominant position within the industry, however this has changed substantially as more competitors have entered the market and have impacted the profit obtained by Kelloggs. In 2010, there was a net income rise of Kelloggss, which has since fallen from $1.2 billion to $961 million and emphasises a dramatic decrease. In 2012, the share price of the business was volatile as it declined to $46.33 in July, however increased to an acceptable price of approximately $60 in December. The size of Kelloggs reduces the threat of a takeover occurring and exiting the market would not be foreseeable for Kelloggs. Kelloggs use of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is at the forefront when communicating with customers. This is highly evident in Give a child a breakfast campaign launched in October 2011 as this campaign highlighted the benefits of children eating breakfast. By highlighting this campaign, it improved the public perception of the company. Financial reports released for 2012, illustrated that the Nestle group as a whole had a successful financial year. It shows an increase in profit for the year by $1.8 billion. The cereal range of the business is represented in this figure which displays a positive financial performance for Nestle. Previously, Nestle has experienced a negative public image; Nestlà © attempts to divert criticism of its baby food marketing activities  [3]  . Nestle continuously attempt to improve their CSR identity within the eyes of the public. Bright Food Group generated revenues of approximately  £7.5 billion last year which indicates it has a large resource base to expand the Weetabix brand into more foreign markets. The acquisition of Weetabix would indicate that there is a high demand for cereal products globally as well as within its existing markets. The Weetabix brand has a long association with the British and Irish markets and has successfully reflected a positive brand image. However, the recent acquisition could have a positive and negative impact as it could be viewed as the loss of another indigenous company to a foreign multinational and may dilute the brand value. As Flahavans is a privately owned family operated business and similar to Weetabix, is not listed on any stock exchange. Flahavans is an established brand and retains the majority of the market share in relation to hot cereal breakfast in Ireland. This brand has a positive image among Irish customers and assisted the expansion into markets such as the UK and US. Flahavans is associated with Bord Bia and outlines the nutritional value of eating porridge as part of a healthy balanced diet. As the business is proud of its heritage and is a small player within the industry, the possibility of an acquisition may be unattractive to an established player. Odlums is part of the Origin Enterprise Group, which is listed on the Irish Stock Exchange and experienced an increased share price within the last year. The Odlums brand is well known within Ireland, primarily for their baking products. It could be perceived that the public have less recognition for the porridge range. The brand image is viewed positively and is also associated with Bord Bia. Within the cereal industry, there are certain aspects which could affect key players in the future. In terms of Kelloggs, they have primarily grown through merger and acquisitions. If all the key players follow this trend and grow like Kelloggs, they could possibly maintain market share growth. Further brand building of key players, could allow for growth in new divisions, for example Weetabix introducing a new range of biscuits. The majority of dominating businesses have a strong portfolio of products with great brand identity amongst its market share. If the key players continue to invest and grow their brand portfolio, it would be expected to have a positive long-term effect on those businesses. There is a possibility of a new pecking order in terms of the hot breakfast cereal market segment. At present, Flahavans is the market leader in this category. However, Kelloggs have developed a product, Kelloggs Corn Flake Porridge  [4]  , to compete against Flahavans porridge. This product has not been launched in Ireland, but could potentially dominate the market in the future. Currently, the key players are extending the life of their consumer recognisable products rather than removing them from the market place.  [5]  Customers would be willing to purchase familiar products and be more inclined to purchase new products launched by a trusted brand. The key players have adopted an extension strategy of their products. From analysis of the Ansoff Matrix  [6]  on the key players, it was evident that they had the same strategy which included the retention of existing customers and attraction of new customers by means of product development and product diversification. The key players are currently adopting marketing strategies to ensure that their brands are in the evoked set of their target markets while going through the decision making process and the customer chooses their product. HRM Strategies Nestles mergers and acquisitions provides the business with a wider selection of employees which can be used strategically to further develop the companys competitive advantage. However, this method may not be feasible as employees may feel their opinions to be underappreciated and lack participation with front line decisions. In the case of Weetabix, their use of motivational goals drives their use of HRM, which furthers their competitive advantage by providing a recognised and admirable work environment, which could be then used strategically to attract additional talented candidates. In comparison to its competitors, Flavaghans is a considerably smaller company, mainly because of its family ethos. These sorts of companies generally limit new additions of staffing in order to reduce costs. However with the utilisation of their flat hierarchy which enables all departments to work together closely, this allows for a competitive advantage, which does not directly affect necessary recruitment and selection. In a sense Flavaghans has used their limit of recruiting for a more quality staffing experience which then follows through to competitive advantage. Odlums have used their HRM strategies competitively in order to gain talented managerial staff in the company. This can be seen in their quality staff members, who have all had quality previous employment and education. This is a clear competitive advantage for odlums, and has formed them as an elite group of staff. Kelloggs, although they use extensive research and development which effectively provides solid results and provides a clear competitive advantage. It has been recognised that although management positions are favourable, their staff motivation and drives are low, therefore we can indicate that HRM strategies are not of concern to Kelloggs.  · Are the Strategic HRM policies of the key players in alignment with its overall strategy? In essence Nestles vision of good food, good life is very much in alligment with its strategic HRM policies. Through the use of mergers and acquistions, Nestle has managed to collect different types of talent, in order to provide quality behind its overall strategy of good life, good food in its product. External Environmental Analysis Strategic Group Mapping Model Strategic Group Mapping Analysis Nestle is identified with having a high variety of products coupled with a high average price of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3.53per 500g Kelloggs is on par with Nestle however Kelloggs have a larger variety of products and slightly higher average price of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 3.54per 500g. Both breakfast cereal companies are positioned as having a large variety of products with a high retail price targeting the same market segments. Kelloggs target families with products such as cornflakes, rice crispies , frosties , all bran, crunchy nut and coco pops as well as the health conscious adult woman with their special k range  [7]  . Nestle target families with products such as nestle cornflakes, cheerios. Target kids and teens with nesquick, cookie crisp,cocoa puffs products and their adult with their fitness range.  [8]   Weetabix is more differentiated from Nestle and Kelloggs. Weetabix primarily targets the health conscience consumer market segment whereas Nestle and Kelloggs target a proportion of that segment. Weetabix is identified with having a low variety of products combined with a high average price à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3.49per 500g. Weetabix is a market leader with a 12% market share  [9]  (just behind Kellogg which leads brand sales with a 42% value share)  [10]   Flahavans is a market leader in the hot breakfast market segment with a 65% share of the hot breakfast cereal market  [11]  and a 7 % share of the overall breakfast market  [12]  .they have undertaken a hybrid strategy since 2008 by extending their product range and making their product more convenient to the consumer i.e quick oats. flahavans is identified with having a low variety of products (i.e hot oats) coupled with a low average price à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1.25 per 500g.flahavans solely targets the health conscience individual/families. Odlums holds a relatively small proportion of the hot breakfast cereal market and is identified with having a low variety of products combined with a low average price of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1.15 per 500g. Kelloggs and Nestle are the most expensive of the companies, their higher price is justified by their larger variety of product offered. Weetabix, Flahavans and Odlums are the least expensive of the companies with is due to their low product range however their prices may increase in the further due to the perceived customer benefits of their products. Internal Strategic Capability Analysis Kelloggs Company Background The Kelloggs Company was established in 1906 by W.K. Kellogg. By continuing to use the same technique in producing the product since this time, the Kelloggs brand has grown successfully over the last 100 years with products reaching 180 countries worldwide. Kelloggs primarily produce breakfast cereal products, along with toaster pastries and snacks, such as, cereal bars and winders. In 1922, the Kelloggs company arrived in Ireland with products being sold throughout the country. As Kelloggs now is the leading brand in the breakfast cereal industry in Ireland and the UK, the business was one of the first to introduce nutritional labelling on their packaging, back in the 1930s. With their successful launch in the 1950s of the cereal products Frosties and Special K, in the 1980s new products, such as Crunchy Nut Corn Flakes, was launched into the Irish market. The W.K. Kellogg Institute for Food and Nutrition Research was opened in 1997. This is where the engineers, nutritionists and food scientists would investigate the quality of the produce used. This facility also catered for the alternation in the reduction of salt used in breakfast cereals in 2010, along with vitamin D been added for children in 2011. The Kelloggs Company have various locations worldwide including North America, Europe Middle East, Asia, Africa, Oceania and Latin South America. The Headquarters for Kelloggs is located in Michigan. Kelloggs Cultural Web Model Kelloggs Ansoff Product / Market Growth Matrix Market Penetration By utilising this strategy, this would benefit Kelloggs in terms of continuing to remain competitive within the market and stabilising their position as a market leader within Ireland and UK. Over the years Kelloggs have dramatically increased their product range to cater for a wider customer base. Kelloggs provides cereals for children and adults to accommodate for their different lifestyle requirements. By continuing to penetration this market at a relatively low risk for the business, Kelloggs would need to implement a strategy in order to maintain their market share by using their existing products while retaining their current customers. This strategy would need to be developed by increasing brand awareness of their products, for example charity events or competitions, in order to remind customer their products. Product re-launch could be another penetration for Kelloggs in terms of retaining their existing customers. Through customer involvement and push marketing strategies, these methods could help Kelloggs to secure their market share or have the possibility of increasing their customer base. New Products and Services As the cereal industry is a competitive market and developing the ability to be distinctive from the existing competitors could be a challenge for Kelloggs. In order to increase the customer base, Kelloggs developed products in the areas if toaster pastries and snacks. These developments allowed the business to explore new products while retaining their existing customers. Market development Market development is an important aspect for Kelloggs to grow within the cereal market. Currently Kelloggs offer a porridge product which is available in South Africa however are not obtainable within Ireland and the UK. Gluten free products from the US are also not available within these countries. These products could have a dramatic effect if Kelloggs introduced these products into the Irish and UK market, as it could heighten the competition amongst competitors and attract new customers to their products. Conglomerate Diversification In order for Kelloggs to diversify into an unrelated market would be a difficult challenge for the business. A market that Kelloggs have diversified into is the snack food market. This is evident from the acquisition of Pringles in early 2012. This market could be seen to be difficult to operate as it does not relate to the cereal industry and the business may not have the necessary knowledge of the snack food industry. Nestle Nestle Company Background Nestle was founded in 1866. As the company began to grow, it merged with another established company, Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company in 1905. From this merger, Nestle acquired Rowntrees of York in 1988. Within Ireland and UK, Nestle is one of the key players in the food industry with 19 locations employing over 7000 staff. Nestle is also one of the key exporters for these two countries, with exporting products over  £300 million worth to 50 countries worldwide every year. With the mergers and acquisitions previously mentioned, this gave Nestle the ability to diversify their product portfolio to cater to a wider target audience. Nestle Ireland and UK expanded to sister companies such as Nestle Professional, Nestle Waters, Nestle Nutrition, Nestle Purina Petcare, Lactalis Nestle Chilled Dairy Company Ltd, Cereal Partners UK, Nespresso and Jenny Craig. With these sister companies, Nestle was able to produce popular brands such as, breakfast cereals Shreddies and Cheerios, Go Cat pet food, Nescafe, Kit Kat and beverages Nestle water and Nesquik. Nestle have Headquarters in Ireland and UK, with their factories primarily in the UK. Globally, Nestle are located in Africa, Oceania, Europe, and Asia and North and South America. Nestle Cultural Web Model Nestle Cultural Web Analysis Paradigm Nestles ethos Good food, good life is a clear indicator of where nestles drive originates. This can be clearly defined as Nestles collective experience which is applied to situations in order to make sense of strategy. For example nestles acquisition of Alcon Laboratories Inc. provided an increase of food technology competencies behind their foods thus confirming their initial ethos of good food, good life. Stories: Nestlà ©s is regarded as the largest food business company in the world; this has been experienced through the use of mergers and acquisitions and primary food nutrition values. Nestle acquired Crosse Blackwell in 1950 and Rowntree Mackintosh in 1988 to name a few. It operates in 86 countries and is the largest shareholder of LOreal. It has also been ranked at 1 in the fortune global 500. However, Nestle cereals received bad press in 2011, with the accusations of incorrect nutritional information on their cereal products. This apposed their believes of nutritional value in good food. Symbols: Nestle is a Swiss made multinational country which strives in power and direction. It is a professional company, which has used mergers and acquisitions to its advantage in its early years and continues in this fashion today. Nestle receives great admiration publicly. Power: Nestles power structure is very hierarchical, many field employees feel like progression is limited and not balanced for all employees. However when we consider their previous paths to this power (mergers and acquisitions) we can interpret their power drive as continuous and dedicated. Also another interesting fact is that Nestle is primarily a Male dominated organisation, which creates the concerns of the glass ceiling effect for women, which can be regarded as discouraging and an imbalance on gender equality. Organisational structure: Nestles Organisational structure is revolved around innovation and expansion. Innovation through their ethos of good food, good life, this can also be seen in their portfolio of innovating products such as baby formula and instant coffee. Their constant collaboration makes their company quiet segmented, however this approach has proven to be successful. In addition to this organisational structure, employees felt that quick decision making is not a competency of Nestles senior managers. This could potentially bring up the issue of potential lose in employee involvement, which can in most circumstances be valuable. Control systems: Nestle offer attractive pension plans in order to control employee systems. This is a lot more attractive for long term employees who are in the office. However, a majority of employees expressed that there is no work life balance plans to keep employees motivated and balanced in home and work activities. In contrast to their attractive pension plans, it can be assumed that Nestle is clearly monitory focused with employees. In addition we found that Nestle do not micro manage their employees, although this is more enjoyable for the employee, it can be interpreted that nestle need to grasp control systems in order to keep employee focus in activities. Routines Rituals: On a day to day basis, Nestle offer flexible working schedules for their staff. This communicates a laid back working environment, however due such hierarchical stances, strategy and direction is driven from headquarters. This tells us that on field employees are not driven on performance, as that type of belief is left to the senior managers in the company. It can be widely assumed of how advantageous it is for all employees to have access to Nestlà ©s international training centre in Switzerland. This can be seen as a prestigious opportunity for all Nestles employees to excel in. Creating Shared Value and meeting our commitments is Nestlà ©s view on expansion into different countries and reaching further customer segments globally. Nestle Ansoff Product / Market Growth Matrix Market Penetration: Like all cereal brands, Nestle is no different in wanting to expand further within markets such as the UK and Ireland. In order to do this they face a major obstacle in that they are the second largest behind Kelloggs who have a 45% market share of the breakfast cereal market. However, as revealed late last year, the company is looking to expand its brand further within the region of Northern Ireland and in order to help achieve its objectives they have enlisted the services of GM marketing to help expand the brand through the use of online technologies and refined marketing strategies. The first phase within the marketing strategy will see the core brands used to help identify the Nestle brand as well as using pre priced cereal boxes which may be cheaper or the same price as their competitors. Even though this is a low risk strategy the level of success of such a strategy can also be miniscule. If this strategy vastly increases the market share of Nestle it will have an impact on the market share of their competitors but at the same time it may not increase the market share of Nestle sufficiently to have a major impact on their competitors. It may take a considerable amount of time and may cause an impact within other areas that Nestle focus time and resources on. This strategy should be taken with a prudent approach in mind so as not to harm other categories that Nestle positions its brand. New Product Services: Research and development is an integral part within the Nestle company as they look to introduce product development within all of the categories that it positions its brand. This is clearly evident within the company as they employ 4,500 people globally within its RD departments as well as using external research provided by scientists, doctors who work within world renowned universities. This aspect of building bridges externally allows the company to further innovate within the area such of nutritional and healthy foods as well as numerous other categories. A core belief that exists within the Nestle group is to think global act local. When looking for new ways in which to introduce new products within existing markets they place the customer at the core of the product. This is recognisable in the way that they cater to various customer groups with breakfast cereal brands such as Nestle Multi Grain Cheerios focusing on all members of the family, Nesquik for teenagers and children and Nestle Fitness for people who place a high importance on keeping in shape. Nutrition is a vital element within the Nestle core beliefs and values but they also put a lot of effort into ensuring that good quality taste is never sacrificed in the cereals that they provide. Product development is a strategy that Nestle have continuously looked to improve upon since it identified that nutrition, health and wellness was to be the core strategy that it developed its products upon. Although it is a costly strategy the financial benefits on a global scale seem to outweigh the costs for Nestle. Market Development: Organisations would ideally like to operate as if the world were one large market, ignoring superficial regional and national differences but still making sure that marketing activities fit to the practices and cultural characteristics of genuinely different markets (Lee and Carter, 2008) The Nestle brand is recognised on a global scale and has a vast portfolio as it does not primarily focus on cereals which can be identified due to its large divergence into similar but also unrelated areas such as baby food, chocolate bars, beverages and many other various categories. However, they do not focus each of these categories on a global scale as not all of their products would be successful within each of the segmented markets. Even though each of the categories are not launched on a global scale it does not mean that they would not be successful within different markets as alterations could be made in relation to; How the product is packaged and designed The type of market

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience :: Civil Disobedience Essays

In Thoreau’s essay â€Å"Resistance to Civil Government†, Henry David Thoreau outlines a utopian society in which each individual would be responsible for governing himself. His opposition to a centralized government is an effort to disassociate with the American government, which at the time was supporting slavery and unjustly invading Mexico. While the individual rule would work well for Thoreau who is a man of conscience, it does not account for the immoral, dishonest or overly ambitious people in the nation. â€Å"Resistance to Civil Government† is a work of political philosophy where Thoreau lays out a plan for the way he believes the American government and society should be structured. The essay discusses the relation between the individual and society. This essay acts as a plea for individuals to follow their conscience when civil law causes a conflict. Thoreau calls for a conscious rebellion to bring about a radical change in the American constitution; a revolution against the American government. This notion of peaceable revolution is the moral center of this essay.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By refusing to pay taxes he is not objecting the taxes specific use, he is refusing allegiance to the state as a whole. Thoreau does not advocate complete defiance of democracy with his protest as he willingly accepts the consequences of breaking the law. Because Thoreau chooses his integrity over compliance he feels freer in jail than the people outside who follow the law like sheep rather than thinking and acting for themselves. He accepts the consequence of imprisonment for not paying his lawful tax, believing that by being imprisoned he is forcing the government to consider whether he is in the right by practicing civil disobedience. Thoreau wishes to be separate from the American government because it supports slavery. Thoreau chastises the government.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thoreau pictures a utopian society where a person’s conscience is a higher rule than that of the law.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Ap 1988 Euro

1988 MC National AP European History Exam 100 questions in 75 minutes. 1. Salvation by faith alone, the ministry of all believers, and the authority of the Bible are principles basic to (A) the Christian humanism of Erasmus (B) the Church of England (C) Catholicism after the Council of Trent (D) Lutheranism in the early sixteenth century (E) the Society of Jesus (Jesuit order) 2. The Edict of Nantes in 1598 did which of the following? (A) Ensured Anglo-French cooperation throughout the seventeenth century. (B) Created a French church separated from papal authority. (C) Ended the War of the Spanish Succession. D) Proclaimed the toleration of Calvinism. (E) Precipitated the French Wars of Religion. [pic] 3. The sketch above, drawn by Galileo in 1610, was used to argue that the Moon (A) has no phases (B) has an irregular surface (C) is one of the planets (D) does not revolve around the Earth (E) is illuminated by Mars 4. â€Å"You venerate the saints and delight in touching their relic s, but you despise the best one they left behind, the example of a holy life †¦. If the worship of Christ in the person of His saints pleases you so much, see to it that you imitate Christ in the saints†The quotation above expresses the views of which of the following? (A) Henry VIII of England (B) Catherine de Medici (C) Erasmus of Rotterdam (D) Leonardo da Vinci (E) Niccolo Machiavelli 5. John Locke based his Two Treatises on Government primarily on which of the following views of human nature? (A) People are basically rational and learn from practical experience. (B) People are weak and sinful and need the guidance of organized religion. (C) People are fallible and need guidance from the cumulative wisdom of tradition. (D) People are inherently quarrelsome and should never be encouraged to revolt against state authority. E) People are born with all knowledge, and learning is the process of remembering that innate knowledge [pic] 6. The map above of eighteenth-century R ussia suggests which of the following about Russian territory between 1689 and 1796? (A) The Ottoman Empire annexed the Crimea (B) Peter the Great added more territory to Russia than did Catherine the Great (C) Most Russian expansion took place in the east (D) Russia ceded territory to Poland in the late eighteenth century (E) Russia acquired navigable seaports in both the north and the south 7.Which of the following best describes the political and economic environment of much of fifteenth century Italy? (A) A few large states dominated by a wealthy landed nobility (B) A strong unified Italian monarchy that patronized the arts (C) Many independent city-states with prosperous merchant oligarchies (D) Control of most of Italy by the pope, who encouraged mercantile development (E) Support of the arts in Italy by the kings of France and the Holy Roman emperors, who were competing for influence 8. The response of the Roman Catholic church to the Protestant Reformation included all of th e following EXCEPT A) the abolition of the Index of Prohibited Books (B) the establishment of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit order) (C) the convening of the Council of Trent (D) the founding of women’s orders active in education and care of the sick (E) an increase in the number of parish grammar schools [pic] 9. The Pieter Brueghal painting (circa 1569) shown above depicts the massacre of villagers in A) the Netherlands by Spanish troops B) Russia by Ottoman troops C) Spain by English troops D) France by Swedish troops E) Hungary by Austrian 10. The first political use of the terms â€Å"right† and â€Å"left† was to describe the A) division of France into predominantly Protestant and predominantly Roman Catholic areas (B) seating arrangements in the French National Assembly chamber during the French Revolution (C) party alliances in the English House of Commons during the debates prior to the American Revolution (D) two wings of the Versailles palace that housed the Roman Catholic and the Huguenot nobility (B) factions in the English Parliament that supported James II or William of Orange 11. Which of the following statements best describes the writers of the Romantic school? (A)They stressed emotion rather than reason. B)They continued the traditions of the Enlightenment. (C)They were advocates of increased political rights for women. (D)They modeled their work on the classics of Greece and Rome. (E)They based their writing on scientific and mathematical models. 12. During the Crimean War (1854-1856), most deaths among the military occurred as a result of (A) trench warfare and poisonous gas (B) guerrilla warfare (C) naval engagements (D) disease and inadequate medical care (E) heavy artillery bombardment 13. In fifteenth-century Europe. Muslim culture exerted the greatest influence on which of the following societies? A) English (B) French (C) German (D) Italian (E) Spanish 14. In 1500 the two most powerful autocracies in Eastern Europe were (A) Muscovy and the Ottoman Empire (B) the Ottoman and the Byzantine empires (C) the Byzantine Empire and Poland-Lithuania (D) Poland-Lithuania and Hungary (E) Hungary and Kievan Russia 15. The principal reason why Louis XIV (1643-1715) built his palace at Versailles was to (A) tighten his control over the nobility (B) strengthen ties with the Huguenots (C) move the king’s residence nearer to the center of the country (D) provide thousands of jobs E) absorb the excess revenue produced by mercantilist tax policies 16. In the second half of the seventeenth century, which of the following countries dominated European culture, politics, and diplomacy? (A) England (B) The Netherlands (C) Russia (D) France (E) Prussia 17. Which of the following best characterizes the Western European economy, as a whole, in the sixteenth century? (A) Widespread unemployment (B) Declining trade and commerce (C) Technological breakthroughs in production (D) Unrestricted trade among nations (E) S piraling inflation 18.In the first half of the seventeenth century, the Austrian Hapsburgs subdued revolt and centralized control in their territories by doing which of the following? (A) Emancipating the peasantry and encouraging agricultural development (B) Allying with the urban middle classes and encouraging commercial development (C) Establishing a national church headed by the Hapsburg emperor and redistributing former church properties (D) Creating a customs union to promote trade and acquiring new territories to supply merchants with raw materials (E) Waging warfare against rebel groups and supporting the Catholic Reformation 9. Which of the following was a major result of the Thirty’ Years’ War (1618-1648)? (A) The long-term strengthening of the Holy Roman Emperor’s authority (B) The banning of Calvinism in the German states (C) The establishment of strong Russian influence in the northern German states (D) The loss of as much as one-third of the German -speaking population through war, plague, and starvation (E) The encouragement of rapid economic development in many German-speaking cities 20. After the defeat of King Charles I in the English Civil War and his execution in 1649, England was governed for a decade by A) a democratic republic with universal suffrage (B) a commonwealth led by Oliver Cromwell and his son (C) a constitutional monarchy under King James II (D) the king of Scotland (E) a parliamentary council dominated by egalitarians 21. Which of the following most clearly distinguishes the northern Renaissance from the Italian Renaissance? (A) Interest in science and technology (B) Greater concern with religious piety (C) Cultivation of a Latin style (D) Use of national languages in literature (E) Admiration for Scholastic thought 22. Adam Smith maintained that A) workers real wages decrease in the long run (B) population always tends to outstrip food supplies (C) monopolies benefit the state (D) competition is socially beneficial (E) social revolution is inevitable 23. Which of the following early nineteenth-century political figures was most closely identified with the concept of â€Å"the concert of Europe†? (A) Castlereagh (B) Napoleon I (C) Talleyrand (D) Alexander I (E) Metternich 24. A factor accelerating the British government’s repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 was the (A) South Sea Bubble scandal (B) American Revolution C) Irish potato famine (D) development of relatively inexpensive ocean transport (E) worldwide mechanization of grain farming 25. Which of the following spared Europe a general multinational war during the second half of the nineteenth century? (A) The functioning of an effective balance of power (B) Europe’s preoccupation with industrial development (C) The strength of the German navy (D) Fear of Ottoman expansion into the rest of Europe (E) A policy of free and unrestricted trade 26. The eighteenth-century philosophes believed that society could best a chieve progress through A) prayer and contemplation (B) intuition (C) hard work and self-denial (D) scientific empiricism (E) analysis of Greek and Latin texts 27. The model of the universe which resulted from the scientific work of Galileo and Newton embraced (A) Aristotelian philosophy (B) a belief in an ascending â€Å"chain of being† (C) a conception of a spiritually animate universe (D) the belief in the fixed, central position of the Earth (E) the science of mechanics 28. The sequence of events that led to the French Revolution of 1789 is best summarized by which of the following? A) Lafayette’s call for democracy, royal suppression of the National Assembly, Robespierre’s leading a peasant revolution (B) Peasant uprisings, royal abdication, election of the National Assembly (C) Franco-Austrian war, urban riots, convening of the Assembly of Notables (D) Widespread famine, repression of riots, guerrilla war (E) Royal financial crisis, convening of the Estate s General, storming of the Bastille 29. â€Å"In place of the old bourgeois society, with its classes and class antagonism, we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all. These words express the ideas of (A) Alexis de Tocqueville (B) John Locke (C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau (D) Edmund Burke (E) Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 30. Which of the following best describes an important trend in typical family size in Western Europe after 1870? (A) It increased in urban areas due to improvements in public health and housing for workers. (B) It decreased in working-class families due to legislation limiting child labor. (C) It decreased sharply because of chronic food shortages (D) It decreased initially in the middle classes because of the increased costs of rearing children. E) It remained unchanged because of massive emigration overseas 31. English economic expansion was severely threatened in the eighteenth century by a rapidly diminishing supply of (A) peat (B) wood (C) coal (D) oil (E) water power [pic] Left side of graph should read â€Å"Population (in millions)†, the first number is 1700 not 700 32. All of the following statements about Europe’s population in the eighteenth century can be inferred from the graph above EXCEPT: (A) For most of the century, France had the largest population of any European power. (B) The population of Eastern Europe outstripped that of Western Europe in size. C) Russia experienced the largest increase in rate of population growth. (D) The population of the British Isles grew throughout the century. (E) Rates of population growth increased after 1750. 33. â€Å"The salon was a weekly gathering held in the home of one of the dominant ladies of the society, at which dinner was usually served, cards usually played, but conversation led by the hostess predominated. A few salons were known as having the ideal mixture of leading intellectuals, open-minded nobles, and clever, elegant women. † The passage above describes an important aspect of social life in which of the following? A) Geneva during the Reformation (B) Florence during the Renaissance (C) London during the Glorious Revolution (D) Paris during the Enlightenment (E) Berlin during the Kulturkampf 34. Enlightened monarchs of the eighteenth century supported all of the following EXCEPT (A) religious tolerance (B) increased economic productivity (C) pacifist foreign policy (D) administrative reform (E) secular and technical education 35. Which of the following characterized European warfare between the Peace of Utrecht (1713) and the outbreak of the French Revolution (1789)? (A) Standing armies pursuing limited strategic goals B) Citizen armies fighting for their native lands (C) Feudal armies fighting for their lords (D) Mass armies pursuing global strategies (E) Highly mobile armies unhampered by traditional defenses 36. Under the Napoleonic system, peasants in territ ories conquered by French armies were generally given (A) the right to vote for representatives to serve in newly created parliaments (B) control over the appointment of village priests (C) freedom from manorial obligations (D) free lessons in the French language (E) sets of laws designed specifically to fit local conditions 37. The greatest happiness for the greatest number† was the explicit goal of which of the following movements? (A) Romanticism (B) Utilitarianism (C) Pietism (D) Anarchism (E) Jansenism 38. â€Å"In the presence of my guests I reduced the telegram by deleting words, without adding or altering a single word . . . which made the announcement appear decisive. [My guest] said: ‘Now it has quite a different ring. In its original form it sounded like a parley. Now it is like a flourish of trumpets in answer to a challenger. ’ I went on to explain: ‘ . . . it will have the effect of a red flag on the Gallic bull’†The individual re counting the story above was (A) Napoleon III (B) Cavour (C) Disraeli (D) Bismarck (E) Alexander II 39. The disease most common in industrialized areas of nineteenth-century Europe was (A) bubonic plague (B) tuberculosis (C) smallpox (D) malaria (E) leprosy 40. In 1917 the Bolsheviks sought to rally support from the Russian people with which of the following slogans? (A) â€Å"Peace, land, bread† (B) â€Å"Socialism in one country† (C) â€Å"Blood and iron† (D) â€Å"Family, work, fatherland† (E) â€Å"Liberty, equality, fraternity† 41. French leaders decided to occupy Germany’s Ruhr Valley in January 1923 in order to A) counterbalance Soviet influence in Germany (B) incorporate German territory permanently into France (C) halt the rise of the Nazi party among workers in the region (D) use the region’s industrial production to accelerate France’s rearmament (E) seize goods as payment for Germany’s reparations debt 42. By 1948 Soviet-dependent regimes existed in all of the following countries EXCEPT (A) Bulgaria (B) Hungary (C) Poland (D) Rumania (E) Yugoslavia 43. The French monarchy in the seventeenth century sought to expand France’s borders to its â€Å"natural frontiers† by gaining control of (A) Schleswig-Holstein B) Milan (C) Alsace (D) Spain (E) Tuscany 44. Which of the following caused the deepest and most persistent internal opposition to the French Revolution? (A) The Great Fear (B) The storming of the Bastille (C) The publication of Burke’s Reflections on the Revolution in France (D) The advent of the Thermidorean reaction (E) The enactment of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy 45. Architecture produced in the Napoleonic Empire was influenced most by (A) ancient Egyptian pyramids (B) classical models (C) Romanesque churches (D) Islamic structures (E) Gothic churches [pic] 46.The graph above depicts the lengths, from longest to shortest, of the railway systems of (A ) the United Kingdom, the Italian states, France (B) the United Kingdom, the German states, France (C) The German states, the United Kingdom, the Italian states (D) France, the German states, the Italian states (E) France, the United Kingdom, the German states 47. Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill both wrote (A) critiques of the French Revolution (B) tracts on liberty and the rights of women (C) Utopian novels (D) polemics against alcohol consumption (E) satires of George III of England 48.All of the following cities experienced major uprisings in 1848 EXCEPT A) Paris B) Berlin C) London D) Rome E) Vienna [pic] 49. The image shown above is an example of a new technique for examining the human body which was discovered by (A) Faraday (B) Pasteur (C) Lister (D) Roentgen (E) Planck Questions 50-51 are based on the passage below. Where liberal parties, now liberal only in name, remained in power, they embraced protectionism and imperialism, undertook social regulation, and retain ed from the old liberal creed only Opposition to the extension of the franchise and to the church. 50.In what era did the developments described in the passage most probably take place? (A) 1715-1788 (B) 1789-1800 (C) 1815-1830 (D) 1880-1905 (E) 1945-1970 51. Which of the following factors best explains the transformation and decline of liberalism described in the passage? (A) The continued deference of peasants to aristocratic influence (B) The rise of industrial society and of mass political movements (C) The general decline in literacy rates (D) The inability of laissez-faire economics to uproot traditional communal agriculture and guilds (E) A strong popular reaction against liberal anti-clericalism 2. Which of the following ideas did Darwin draw on in developing his theories of evolution? (A) The Romantics’ ideas about the importance of heroic individuals (B) The scientific view that species are eternal and unchanging (C) The Biblical account of creation in Genesis (D) N ineteenth-century theories of manifest destiny (E) The population theories of Thomas Malthus [pic] 53. The nineteenth-century English cartoon above depicts (A) the weakening of Great Britain caused by emigration (B) Thomas Mann’s Death in Venice (C) the pollution resulting from industrialization D) British naval losses (E) criminals lurking around British waterways 54. The immediate cause of the 1905 Russian Revolution was social strain resulting from (A) the agitation of the Russian Social Democratic party (B) the mass emigration of skilled workers to the New World (C) attempts by the government to reform the Russian Orthodox church (D) the demands of ethnic groups for political autonomy (E) Russian losses in the Russo-Japanese War [pic] 55. According to the graph above, which class in sixteenth-century England benefited most from the trends shown? (A) Landowners B) Landless laborers (C) Household servants (D) Merchants (E) Small-scale artisans 56. Which of the following was a primary result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688? (A) The establishment of universal male suffrage (B) The restoration of Roman Catholicism to both England and Scotland (C) The limitation of monarchical power (D) The execution of Charles I (E) The triumph of Puritanism 57. Important prerequisites for Great Britain’s industrialization in the mid-eighteenth century included which of the following? (A) Innovations in agricultural techniques and increases in food production B) Dramatic improvements in workers’ housing in the cities (C) A rapid increase in the amount of gold imported from New World colonies (D) Rapid growth of a national system of rail transport (E) Strong monarchical leadership and a centralized government bureaucracy [pic] 58. The shaded areas on the map above represent which of the following? (A) Dynastic lands of the Hapsburgs in the sixteenth century (B) Participants in the Thirty Years’ War in the seventeenth century (C) Protestant regions in the eighteenth century (D) Members of the Holy Alliance in the nineteenth century E) Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in the twentieth century 59. Which of the following European countries experienced the greatest degree of political instability in the nineteenth century? (A) Austria (B) France (C) The Netherlands (D) Prussia (E) Russia 60. When Sigmund Freud remarked that â€Å"in mental life nothing which has once been formed can perish,† he meant that (A) human beings are rational creatures (B) human beings can remember and recall all experiences at will (C) all mental acts are conscious mental acts D) the unconscious preserves unpleasant as well as pleasant thoughts (E) the unconscious obliterates excess thoughts [pic] 61. The chronologically arranged maps above illustrate the (A) concluding phases of the Franco-Prussian War (B) Schlieffen Plan (C) concluding phases of the First World War (D) settlement of the Treaty of Versailles. 1919 (E) invasion of France in 1940 62. Which of the following ideas is common to the works of both Karl Marx and the classical economists? (A) The overthrow of the bourgeoisie by the revolutionary proletariat is inevitable. B) Class struggle is the mechanism of historical progress. (C) The free exchange of wages for labor ensures social harmony. (D) The value of a product is largely determined by the value of the labor used to produce it. (E) The triumph of the proletariat will bring about a classless society. 63. During the last third of the nineteenth century, new industries, such as those producing electric power and chemicals, advanced most rapidly in which of the following European countries? (A) France (B) Italy (C) Germany (D) Belgium (E) Spain 64. What the breechloader, the machine gun, the steamboat, the steamship, quinine, and other innovations did was to lower the cost in both financial and human terms of penetrating, conquering, and exploiting new territories. So cost-effective did they ma ke imperialism that not only national governments but even individuals like Henry Stanley’ and Cecil Rhodes could precipitate events and stake out claims to vast territories which later became parts of empires. † The historian quoted above would most likely use which of the following statements to explain imperialism in Africa after 1870? A) Europe’s major corporations used ruthless force in their search for overseas trade and profits. (B) The power of European technology provided the mechanism that made imperialism cheap and easy. (C) European politicians were willing and eager to risk war for the sake of national prestige. (D) Individuals like Stanley and Rhodes were more important than economic forces in the conquest of Africa by Europeans. (E) The European officer class was eager to use Africa as a testing ground for new weapons. 65. All of the following were invented in Western Europe during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries EXCEPT A) firearms (B) movabl e printing type (C) the compound microscope (D) the compass (E) the flying shuttle 66. â€Å"It was an important confederation of commercial towns in northern Germany with its own laws, diplomats, and flags. Its membership of merchants earned large profits shipping fish, timber, and other resources to areas to the west and to the south. Prosperity declined, however, when trade routes shifted from the Baltic to the Atlantic after 1500. † The description above refers to the (A) Confederation of the Rhine (B) Hanseatic League C) Merchants of the Staple (D) Holy Roman Empire (E) Schmalkaldic League 67. In the sixteenth century, all of the following had religious civil wars or political insurrections EXCEPT (A) Muscovite Russia (B) England (C) the Low Countries (D) France (E) the German states 68. The teachings of which of the following had the greatest impact on the Reformation in Scotland? (A) Ignatius of Loyola (B) John Calvin (C) Martin Luther (D) Desiderius Erasmus (E) Ulrich Zwingli 69. Mercantilism was principally characterized by (A) government efforts to build a strong. elf-sufficient economy (B) the efforts of the merchant class to influence policy by subsidizing the government (C) efforts by bankers and exporters to establish free trade (D) the theory that gold and silver were not real wealth (E) the view that labor ought to be able to seek its own market 70. In the late seventeenth century, which of the following countries led continental Europe in shipbuilding, navigation, and commerce and banking? (A) France (B) Russia (C) The Netherlands (D) Denmark (E) Spain 71. In eighteenth-century Europe, the most important imperial rivalries existed among which three of the following? A) Russia, France, and Great Britain (B) The German states, the Italian states, and Great Britain (C) The German states, the Italian states, and France (D) The German states, the Italian states, and Spain (E) Spain, France, and Great Britain 72. All of the following occurred as a result of the settlements reached at the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) EXCEPT: (A) A balance of power was reestablished. (B) Belgium was united with the Netherlands under the House of Orange. (C) The neutrality of Switzerland was recognized. (D) Italy was unified under Sardinian leadership. E) A personal union between Sweden and Norway was created. 73. In the mid-nineteenth century, industrial growth in Western Europe was significantly stimulated by the (A) abolition of national customs barriers (B) introduction of assembly-line production (C) investment of United States Capital (D) expansion of transportation systems (E) expansion of labor unions 74. Which of the following factors most stimulated the entrance of large numbers of women into the labor force in many European countries during the First World War? (A) The decline in the average size of families (B) The increase in divorce rates C) Woman suffrage (D) The spread of Wilsonian principles (E) The shortage in the labor supply 75. A social historian would be most likely to research which of the following topics? (A) French diplomacy, 1742-1763 (B) Frederick William I and the General Directory of War, Finance, and Domains (C) The philosophical assumptions of Montesquieu’s Persian Letters (D) Napoleon’s Freudian relationship with Madame de Stael (E) Family life in a French village 76. In late nineteenth-century Great Britain, women were in the majority in which of the following categories of employment? (A) Transportation B) Mining (C) Factory work (D) Domestic service (E) Construction work 77. Which of the following scientific theories of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was used to support notions of racial superiority? (A)James’s theory of pragmatism (B)Freud’s psychoanalytic theory (C)Darwin’s theory of natural selection (D)Planck’s quantum theory (E)Pavlov’s theory of conditioned response [pic] 78. The painting above, Musical Forms (1931 ) by Georges Braque, is an example of which of the following schools of painting? (A) Romantic (B)Impressionist (C) Cubist (D) Expressionist (E) Realist 79.Albert Einstein is well known for theorizing that (A) atoms are stable, basic building blocks of nature (B) time and space are unconnected concepts (C) light contains energy only when it is visible (D) mass and energy are interconvertible (E) the speed of an aircraft cannot exceed the speed of sound 80. Most historians would agree with which of the following descriptions of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919? (A) A treaty that spelled out the Soviet Union’s reparation obligations (B) A triumph of farsighted political and economic planning (C) A treaty that dismantled the British Empire D) A destructive peace dictated by the United States (E) A treaty that the defeated thought too harsh and the victors thought too lenient 81. The political and social values of the Vichy government in France during the Second World War are best described as (A) democratic, socialistic, peaceful (B) radically fascistic, antichurch, antielitist (C) conservative-authoritarian, corporatist, Catholic (D) monarchist, nationalistic, antimilitary (E) republican, liberal, expansionist [pic] 82. The map above represents the British Empire in (A) 1776 (B) 1850 (C) 1919 (D) 1950 (E) 1961 83. Man, being the servant and interpreter of Nature, can do and understand so much . . . as he has observed.. . . Beyond this he neither knows anything nor can do anything. † The passage above was written by (A) Francis Bacon (B) Martin Luther (C) Rene Descartes (D) Georg Hegel (E) Friedrich Nietzsche 84. Which of the following European states was the last to eliminate legal discrimination against Jews? (A) Austria-Hungary (B) France (C) Great Britain (D) Italy (E) Russia 85. All of the following were among President Wilson’s Fourteen Points EXCEPT (A) an independent Poland (B) absolute freedom of navigation C) the limitation of armament s (D) the autonomous development of the peoples of Austria-Hungary (E) the autonomous development of the peoples of the Russian Empire 86. The major objective of the Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) was to (A) end the use of war for solving international controversies (B) end the Russo-Polish border conflict (C) end tensions between France and Great Britain over the export of French farm surpluses to Great Britain (D) end the French occupation of the Ruhr (E) replace the Dawes and Young plans [pic] 87. The illustration above from a 1940 German magazine suggests that women should A) bear as many children as possible (B) not be discouraged by shortages of food and consumer goods (C) not work outside the house (D) support the war effort by doing their sons’ and husbands’ jobs (E) enlist in the army to help the war effort 88. The primary instrument of economic integration in Western Europe since the Second World War has been the (A) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (B) European Economic Community (EEC) (C) World Bank (D) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (E) European Free Trade Association (EFTA) 9. The most notable social effect of the 1923 inflation in Germany was the (A) depletion of the savings and income of the middle class (B) encouragement of population shifts from cities to the countryside (C) strengthening of the position of women in the work force (D) acceleration of a trend toward the establishment of cooperative pension plans (E) reduction of social tensions 90. All of the following are policies to which totalitarian states have traditionally adhered EXCEPT (A) encouragement of multiparty political systems (B) promotion of social welfare measures C) expansion of the military (D) economic planning (E) holding of periodic elections 91. Which of the following was a major factor in German military victories in1939-1940? (A) Overwhelming German technological and numerical superiority to the French an d the English (B) French insistence on continuing to fight, regardless of the cost (C) Britain’s campaign in Norway, which diverted British troops from Western Europe (D) The German army’s effective use of armor and air power in the Blitzkrieg (E) The German defeat of the Russian army at Tannenberg in August 1939 92.Which of the following statements about twentieth-century existentialists like Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre is true? (A) They questioned the efficacy of reason and science in understanding the human situation. (B) They counseled an integration of Christian principles into everyday life. (C) They promoted the development of nuclear technology. (D) They advocated a return to the ideals of the Enlightenment. (E) They advocated nationalism and the strengthening of the individual nation-states. 93. In the 1960’s a factor that distinguished Soviet social structure from the societies of advanced industrial nations in Western Europe was theSoviet Unionà ¢â‚¬â„¢s (A) lack of linguistic and ethnic divisions (B) high percentage of workers engaged in agriculture (C) rising number of workers in service-sector jobs (D) integration of women into the political elite (E) system of compulsory education 94. Which of the following was the major reason for the establishment of the Dual Monarchy in 1867? (A) To satisfy the demands of the Magyars (B) To resist Turkish encroachment into Europe (C) To resist demands made by Napoleon III (D) To balance the power of the North German Confederation (E) To curb the growing strength of a united Italy 5. The immediate aim of the Truman Doctrine of 1947 was to (A) promote the economic recovery of Europe (B) block the spread of communism in France and Italy (C) prevent the overthrow of the Greek and Turkish governments (D) bring about Soviet withdrawal from Czechoslovakia (E) forestall Soviet plans with regard to West Germany 96. Which of the following areas was conceded to Hitler at the Munich Conference o f 1938? (A) The Polish Corridor (B) The Rhineland (C) The Saar (D) Silesia (E) Sudetenland 97. The Western Allies and the Soviet Union agreed to all of the following easures to be implemented after the Second World War EXCEPT (A) the division of Berlin into four occupation zones (B) an international trial at Nuremberg of major Nazi leaders (C) a denazification program (D) the placing of Germany under the control of the United Nations (E) the disarmament of the German military 98. Nikita Khrushchev’s program of de-Stalinization involved all of the following EXCEPT (A) curbing the power of the political police (B) attacking Stalin’s cult of personality (C) disbanding agricultural collectives (D) reestablishing the primacy of the Communist party E) loosening controls over culture and society 99. Which of the following characterized Mussolini’s ideal of the fascist corporate state? I. Organization of the population into syndicates of employers, employees, and govern ment arbitrators II. Establishment of semiautonomous regional governments III. Abolition of strikes, lockouts, and the older trade unions (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) I and III only (E) I, II, and III 100. Which of the following was a central part of National Socialist ideology? (A) Anticommunism (B) Conservatism (C) Protestantism (D) Utilitarianism (B) Syndicalism

Friday, November 8, 2019

Free Essays on English

Women’s roles in life Women in sports have come a long way. A book written by Mariah Burton Nelson called â€Å"When women win too much† shows the struggle women go through to succeed in sports. In this book Mariah focuses on women by the name of Nancy Welch Williams. Williams has coached softball, field hockey, and other sports and has taught physical education at Shore Regional High School in West Long Branch, New Jersey since 1970. Her softball record (343-93) is the best in the nation. Before all of this success Williams endured harassment by mostly men. Williams quotes â€Å"The male sports teams would steal our equipment and also harass us after practice†. In this book is says how nobody took Williams seriously just because she was a girl. She was hired because they needed a coach overnight or the Regional high school would not have had a girl’s team. Williams was threatened to be fired for no reason and also threatened that violent acts would be performed if she did not quite. Theses types of actions are known in our society today as wrong but back then men thought nothing of it to harass a women like she was an object. It was Women like Nancy Williams that took a stand and let the world know women were useful in sports also. The roles of women in the bible are different from the roles women in today’s society. The role of a woman today is best described as equal. Women for the most part are treated with the same respect as men and get the same opportunities. Women are portrayed in the bible stories as minorities. Women were used in two ways. They were used by men to seduce other men. They were used as sex symbols and nothing else. They were not looked at as people but as objects that can be used to suit the advantages of men. The second way women were used was as birth givers. Women were seen only useful when it came to giving birth and taking care of the children when they got older. They were seen... Free Essays on English Free Essays on English Women’s roles in life Women in sports have come a long way. A book written by Mariah Burton Nelson called â€Å"When women win too much† shows the struggle women go through to succeed in sports. In this book Mariah focuses on women by the name of Nancy Welch Williams. Williams has coached softball, field hockey, and other sports and has taught physical education at Shore Regional High School in West Long Branch, New Jersey since 1970. Her softball record (343-93) is the best in the nation. Before all of this success Williams endured harassment by mostly men. Williams quotes â€Å"The male sports teams would steal our equipment and also harass us after practice†. In this book is says how nobody took Williams seriously just because she was a girl. She was hired because they needed a coach overnight or the Regional high school would not have had a girl’s team. Williams was threatened to be fired for no reason and also threatened that violent acts would be performed if she did not quite. Theses types of actions are known in our society today as wrong but back then men thought nothing of it to harass a women like she was an object. It was Women like Nancy Williams that took a stand and let the world know women were useful in sports also. The roles of women in the bible are different from the roles women in today’s society. The role of a woman today is best described as equal. Women for the most part are treated with the same respect as men and get the same opportunities. Women are portrayed in the bible stories as minorities. Women were used in two ways. They were used by men to seduce other men. They were used as sex symbols and nothing else. They were not looked at as people but as objects that can be used to suit the advantages of men. The second way women were used was as birth givers. Women were seen only useful when it came to giving birth and taking care of the children when they got older. They were seen... Free Essays on English There are several important events before 1500 that when listed together show a series of steps in the struggle for English language supremacy. These steps are mainly governmental, legal and official events that pushed English usage. In 1356 The Sheriff's Court in London and Middlesex were conducted in English for the first time. When Parliament opened in 1362 the Statute of Pleading was issued declaring English as a language of the courts as well as of Parliament, but it was not until 1413 that English became the official language of the courts everywhere. Thirteen years later in 1423, Parliament records start being written in English. 1400 marks date that English is used in writing wills, a seemingly small step, but one that impacted many people and began a legacy of record keeping in English. In 1450 English became the language used in writing town laws and finally 1489 saw all statutes written in English. But it was not until 1649 that English became the language of legal documents in place of Latin. The formal rules intended to keep the use of French in official capacities were not enough to combat the effects of the Black Death and the Hundred Years War between France and England, which both contributed greatly to the rise of English and fall of French. By the fourteenth century, English was again known by most people, although French was not forgotten, and the people who spoke French were generally bilingual. The Statute of Pleading made it law that English and not French would be used in the courts. However, it needs to be emphasized that at the end of this statement, it says that after the pleadings, debates, etc. in English were finished, they should be entered and enrolled in Latin. English became the official language of the court in 1413, but French was permitted until the eighteenth century. More than the official bureaucratic changes in rules and law were the changes in the use of the language by t...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

HCA Healthcare Corp Essays - General Electric, Free Essays

Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp Essays - General Electric, Free Essays Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp Business Level Strategy The business level strategy of GE in times past has been concentrated on providing heath care equipment to approximately 300 hospitals that were run by Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp. But GE, run by Welch, has diversified greatly. Moving from a primarily manufacturing firm to becoming a more service oriented firm. One of the first big steps for GE to move into the services market was when Columbia allowed them to service all of their imaging equipment, including those made by GE's rivals. Differentiation The strategy of differentiation for GE is in their vision of improving the quality of their products and services. Welch decided earlier this year to improve GE quality with the expectation of boosting their revenues. Overall Cost Leader GE is already seeing a competitive advantage in streamlining their organizations that reduce operating costs and increasing revenues. In fact, they have done this so well that other organizations have been willing to hire GE as a consultant to show them the tricks of the trade that will increase their bottom lines. GE has been offering flat rate full service contracts for many of its customers that are raising the eye brows of competitors. Focus The focus for Welch has been directed on GE and GE alone. It was stated that he doesn't sit on any outside corporate boards and is devoted to the success of GE. Prospector GE is definitely categorized as a prospecting type of company. As the article outlines, GE is a company that looks for new markets and new growth opportunities and is willing to accept some level of risk. Along with successfully being involved in Medical Systems, Aircraft Engines, Power Generation, and Transportation, GE has been busy working on global computer services that appears to have phenomenal potential for them. Corporate Level Strategy As all of GE's business entities get direction from Welch on a business level strategy, he has come up with a corporate level strategy that has his competitors guessing what next? Welch appears to have enough vision to see what industry is doing as a whole and not just what the manufacturing industry is doing. This vision has driven his company to seek out opportunities that are more service orientated. Concentration The diversification of GE in recent years tends to make one believe that GE does not concentrate on just one thing. But GE has concentrated on manufacturing as its primary task in the business world. But Welch has changed that task to providing services. A company that can effectively provide a product and then turn around and be the sole service provider for that product will seemingly be in a position to where its competitor cannot touch them. Growth Penetration - GE has been able to increase its customer base by providing a complete package that includes products and services at flat or lower cost. Expansion - GE is also expanding into new areas, such as providing services for its existing product line along with the product line of its competitors. GE is also working on becoming a service provider for corporate computer networks around the world. This would put them in direct competition with IBM and EDS, companies that were not seen as competitors in the past. Globalization GE has been very strong in the international market in the past but is positioning itself with a much broader dominance by implementing a variety of services for companies abroad. Horizontal & Vertical Integration Horizontally, GE is not carving away at its competition all that much, but it wants to become much more vertical in different areas of the international business world. For whatever business GE is in, it wants to be able to dominate it from the top down. This vertical expansion goes forward as well as backward. If GE is unable to buy a given reseller or supplier it makes sure that the contract states that its customer must go through them for all aspects of the business. (i.e. products and services)

Monday, November 4, 2019

Aerodynamics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Aerodynamics - Assignment Example depicts that if the attack angle is large enough the wing oscillates until a critical angle is exceeded beyond,which the lee-side wing will experience vortex lift off caused by asymmetric flow conditions (Lewis, pp.145-213). Large undamping causes a rapid build-up of wing-rock amplitude until a damping action is caused by the vortex breakdown on the windward wing, which lowers the net damping until it reaches zeroIt limits the cycle oscillations observed and predicted by lattice vortex methods. Bearing friction is overcome without the undamping generated from vortex lift off due to the increased wing area that increases the vortex-induced rolling moment. Predictions of unsteady induced drag are important in flexible aircraft dynamics and flapping applications in which the aerodynamics forces plays a crucial role. The suction force due to the leading edge balances the steady case components of pressure force in a free-stream direction. Moreover, within an unsteady case thrust or drag might develop depending on the details provided in the case. Vortex-lattice method requires inclusion of singularities and resolves the average aerodynamic surface for the unsteady force component given in Bernoullis equation The VLM attempts to predict the behavior of various components of the plane to the data obtained in a wind tunnel. This method produces data that is in agreement with the data for the neutral point location, lift and moment curve slopes at Mach 0.2. When studying the effects of canard using VLM it when the canard is above the wing then the neutral point is independent of the canard height. Moreover, when the canard is below the wing then neutral point varies with the canard height. The effects of the number of panels range from 120 to 240 panels and ought to be provided in order to obtain converged results.VLM has the best results when many span-wise stations are employed in conjunction with a relatively low number of chord-wise panels. The use of VLM in